Heavy metal accumulation by Acer platanoides and Robinia pseudoacacia in an industrial city (Northern Steppe of Ukraine)
Keywords:
heavy metals; urban systems; leaves; bioaccumulation coefficient; Robinia pseudoacacia; Acer platanoides
Abstract
The role of tree species as a tool for bioaccumulation of heavy metals is an important current issue within the context of the increase of anthropogenic pressure in urban ecosystems. The article presents the results of research on the level of soil contamination with heavy metals and the processes of their accumulation by native and introduced tree species in green spaces of Dnipro city. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to detect concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) in soil samples and the assimilation component in trees of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and Norway maple (Acer platanoides). The ranges of mean concentrations of heavy metals at different study sites within the city’s green infrastructure were as follows (mg/kg): 30.7–185.5 for Zn, 5.7–22.4 for Cu, 9.0–31.3 for Pb, and 0.213–0.598 for Cd. With respect to all four of these metals, the soils of the Metallurgists Square location were characterized by the highest concentrations of the metals, and the Pridneprovsky Park in the area of the outskirts of Dnipro city was characterized by the lowest ones. Compared to soils, the two investigated tree species had a significantly lower content of all studied metals in leaves. The heavy metal accumulations in the leaves of both R. pseudoacacia and A. platanoides were observed in the following decreasing order: Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. Regarding the migration of heavy metals in the soil-plant system, the concentrations of ecopollutants in the plants were found not to be dependent on their content in the soil environment. The calculated bioaccumulation coefficients of heavy metals for both tree species were < 1. However, the results of heavy metal concentration in leaves of both introduced and native tree species evidenced their special role in heavy metal bioaccumulation. Compared to R. pseudoacacia, such native species as A. platanoides can be considered to be a more “sensitive” bioindicator of environmental pollution caused by heavy metals. Planting fast-growing tree species such as R. pseudoacacia and A. platanoides can in a short time be an environmentally appropriate and cost-effective measure to mitigate the unfavourable effects of heavy metals on the environment.References
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Esfandiari, M., & Hakimzadeh, M. A. (2022). Assessment of environmental pollution of heavy metals deposited on the leaves of trees at Yazd bus terminals. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29, 32867–32881.
Fan, M., Xiao, X., Guo, Y., Zhang, J., Wang, E., Chen, W., Lin, Y., & Wei, G. (2018). Enhanced phytoremdiation of Robinia pseudoacacia in heavy metal-contaminated soils with rhizobia and the associated bacterial community structure and function. Chemosphere, 197, 729–740.
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Gorban, V. A., & Huslystyi, A. O. (2018). Some features of the influence of Robinia pseudoacacia L. on soils in arid conditions. Ecology and Noospherology, 29(1), 47–51.
Gupta, N., Ram, H., & Kumar, R. (2016). Mechanism of zinc absorption in plants: Uptake, transport, translocation and accumulation. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology, 15, 89–109.
Haider, F. U., Liqun, C., Coulter, J. A., Cheema, S. A., Wu, J., Zhang, R., Wenjun, M., & Farooq, M. (2021). Cadmium toxicity in plants: Impacts and remediation strategies. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 211, 111887.
Hammer, D., Kayser, A., & Keller, C. (2003). Phytoextraction of Cd and Zn with Salix viminalis in field trials. Soil Use and Management, 19, 187–192.
He, W., Wang, S., Wang, Y., Lu, M., & Shi, X. (2023). Effect of Pb stress on ionome variations and biomass in Rhus chinensis Mill. Forests, 14, 528.
Holoborodko, K. K., Sytnyk, S. A., Lovynska, V. M., Ivanko, I. A., Loza, I. M., & Brygadyrenko, V. V. (2022). Impact of invasive species Parectopa robiniella (Gracillariidae) on fluorescence parameters of Robinia pseudoacacia in the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 13(3), 324–330.
Hrotkó, K., Gyeviki, M., Sütöriné, D. M., Magyar, L., Mészáros, R., Honfi, P., & Kardos, L. (2020). Foliar dust and heavy metal deposit on leaves of urban trees in Budapest (Hungary). Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 43(5), 1927–1940.
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Kabata-Pendias, A., & Pendias, H. (2001). Trace elements in soils and plants. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
Kayiranga, A., Li, Z., Isabwe, A., Ke, X., Simbi, C. H., Ifon, B. E., Yao, H., Wang, B., & Sun, X. (2023). The effects of heavy metal pollution on Collembola in urban soils and associated recovery using biochar remediation: A review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3077.
Khan, S., Cao, Q., Zheng, Y. M., Huang, Y. Z., & Zhu, Y. G. (2008). Health risks of heavy metals in contaminated soils and food crops irrigated with wastewater in Beijing. Environmental Pollution, 152, 686–692.
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