Population analysis of Asarum europaeum in the Northeast of Ukraine

  • I. M. Kovalenko Sumy National Agrarian University
  • H. O. Klymenko Sumy National Agrarian University
  • K. H. Hozhenko Sumy National Agrarian University
Keywords: population analysis, vital structure, ontogenetic structure, growth parameters

Abstract

An analysis of populations of Asarum europaeum L. in forest ecosystems of the North East of Ukraine during the growing periods of 2004–2015 was carried out. In carrying out field research we used standard methods of ecology, geobotany such as study plots of 400 m2, and for detailed elaboration of the surface layer we used study plots of 100 m2. According to the results of the examination of plots of the size 50 x 50 cm, we obtained data on the number and density of individuals within populations. We found that populations of this species often dominate in the lower tiers of broadleaf and mixed forests in the region under research. We identified the basic population characteristics of the species and described its growth and development in three subformations: Querceta roboris, Pineta sylvestris, Acereto (platanoiditis) – Querceta (roboris). It was found that according to the time gradient, depending on meteorological conditions, the projective cover and the average population density of the plants vary. Based on the average growth rate of the plants, the balance of morphogenesis in the course of the plants’ ontogenesis was determined. We found that the best conditions for the growth and development of A. europaeum are provided in the North East of Ukraine in the subformation of Querceta roboris. The results of the analysis of ontogenetic state of partial bushes in populations of A. europaeum are described. It was found that populations in the subformation Querceta roboris and Pineta sylvestris were full-membered, while in the subformation Acereto (platanoiditis) – Querceta (roboris) they were not fully-membered with fallout of seedlings and juvenile plants. It was found that the population of A. europaeum in the Pineta sylvestris subformation, is left sided, with the peak number in pregenerative partial bushes – this was the youngest population with the highest Index innovation value and the lowest Index senilis value. The Index senilis of the youngest population is 0.14 while the Index generative is 45.0%. The population of A. europaeum in the subformation of Querceta roboris was more mature: Index senilis is equal to 0.19, the age range of the left-hand side with the peak on the partial bushes g1, Index generative reaches 55.4%. In the population with the subformation Acereto (platanoiditis) – Querceta (roboris) Index senilis is significantly greater than one and equals 2.35. In the oldest population, the age spectrum is centered with the peak on generative partial bushes, the Index generative is high and equals 68.5%. This vital analysis of the population structure is based on a sample of more than 3,000 partial shrubs. The key signs of vitality were: total phytomass (W), leaf surface (A) and reproductive effort (RE1). It has been established that two of the three studied populations of A. europaeum are in equilibrium (from the subformations of Pineta sylvestris and Acereto (platanoiditis) – Querceta (roboris) and one is flourishing.

References

Albouy, C., Velez, L., Coll, M., Colloca, F., Loc’h, F., & Mouillot, D. (2014) From projected species distribution to food-web structure under climate change. Global Change Biology, 20, 730–741.

Andriyenko, T. L. (2006). Fitoriznomanittya Ukrayins’koho Polissya ta yoho okho rona [Phylodiversity of Ukrainian Polissya and its protection]. Phytosociocenter, Kyiv (in Ukrainian).

Anenkhonov, O. A., Korolyuk, A. Y., Sandanov, D. V., Liu, H., Zverev, A. A., & Guo, D. (2015). Soil-moisture conditions indicated by field-layer plants help identify vulnerable forests in the forest-steppe of semi-arid Southern Siberia. Ecological Indicators, 57, 196–207.

Angelstam, P., Khaulyak, O., Yamelynets, T., Mozgerisd, G., Naumova, V., Chmielewskie, T. J., Elbakidzea, M., & Manton, M. (2017). Green infrastructure development at European Union’s eastern border: Effects of road infrastructure and forest habitat loss. Journal of Environmental Management, 193, 300–311.

Auffret, A. G., Aggemyr, E., Plue, J., & Cousins, S. (2017). Spatial scale and specialization affect how biogeography and functional traits predict long-term patterns of community turnover. Functional Ecology, 31(2), 436–443.

Bartomeus, I., Gravel, D., Tylianakis, J. M., Aizen, M. A., Dickie, I. A., Bernard-Verdier, M. (2016). A common framework for identifying linkage rules across different types of interactions. Functional Ecology, 30, 1894–1903.

Bozzano, M., Jalonen, R., Thomas, E., Boshier, D., Gallo, L., Cavers, S., Bordacs, S., Smith, P., & Loo, J. (2014). The state pf the word`s forest genetic resources – thematic study. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.

Burkle, L. A., Marlin, J. C., & Knight, T. M. (2013). Plant-pollinator interactions over 120 years: Loss of species, co-occurrence, and function. Science, 339, 1611–1615.

Chiariello, N. R., Mooney, H. A., & Williams, K. (2000). Plant physiological ecology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London.

Didukh, Y. P., & Shelyah-Sosonko, Y. R. (2003). Heobotanichne rayonuvannya Ukrayiny ta sumizhnykh terytoriy [Geobotanical zoning of Ukraine and adjacent land]. Ukrainian Botanical Journal, 60(1), 6–17 (in Ukrainian).

Falk, D. A., Palmer, M., & Zedler, J. B. (2006). Foundation of restoration ecology. Island Press, Washington.

Fontaine, C., Guimarães, P. R., Kefi, S., Loeuille, N., Memmott, J., Van der Putten, W. H., Van Veen, F. J. F., & Thébault, E. (2011) The ecological and evolutionary implications of merging different types of networks. Ecology Letters, 14, 1170–1181.

Gilvear, D. J., & Bradley, C. (2000). Hydrological monitoring and surveillance for wetland conservation and management; A UK perspective. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere, 25(7–8), 571–588.

Gorb, S. N., & Gorb, E. V. (1999). Dropping rates of elaiosome-bearing seeds during transport by ants (Formica polyctena Foerst.): Implications for distance dispersal. Acta Oecologica, 20(5), 509–518.

Gorb, S. N., Gorb, E. V., & Punttila, P. (2000). Effects of redispersal of seeds by ants on the vegetation patternin a deciduous forest: A case study. Acta Oecologica, 21(4–5), 293–301.

Grimme, D. K. (1984). Water relations of Mercurialis perennis and Asarum europaeum in their natural habitat. Flora, 175(4), 249–256.

Grzybowski, M., & Juśkiewicz-Swaczyna, B. (2013). The structure of Matteuccia struthiopteris population in the nature reserve “Pióropusznikowy Jar”. Polish Journal of Natural Sciences, 28(2), 197–216.

Higa, M., Nakao, K., Tsuyama, I., Nakazono, E., Yasuda, M., Matsui, T., & Tanaka, N. (2013). Indicator plant species selection for monitoring the impact of climate change based on prediction uncertainty. Ecological Indicators, 29, 307–315.

Hryhora, I. M., & Solomakha, V. A. (2005). Roslynnist’ Ukrayiny (Ekoloho-tsenotychnyy, florystychnyy ta heohrafichnyy narys) [Vegetation of Ukraine (Ecocoenotic, floristic and geographical essay)]. Phytosociocenter, Kyiv (in Ukrainian).

Hunt, R. (1978). Plant growth analysis. E. Arnold, London.

Jagodziński, M. A., Dyderski, M. K., Rawlik, K., & Kątna, B. (2016). Seasonal variability of biomass, total leaf area and specific leaf area of forest understory herbs reflects their life strategies. Forest Ecology and Management, 374, 71–81.

Jürgens, A., & Bischoff, M. (2017). Changing odour landscapes: The effect of anthropogenic volatile pollutants on plant – pollinator olfactory communication. Functional Ecology, 31, 56–64.

Kasper-Pakosz, R., Pietras, M., & Łuczajcorresponding, Ł. (2016). Wild and native plants and mushrooms sold in the open-air markets of South-Eastern Poland. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 12, 45.

Kovalenko, I. M. (2015). Ekolohiya nyzhnikh yarusiv lisovykh ekosystem [Ecology of the lower tiers of forest ecosystems]. University Book, Sumy (in Ukrainian).

Ma, J., Shugart, H. H., Yan, H., Cao, C., Wu, S., & Fang, J. (2017). Evaluating carbon fluxes of global forest ecosystems by using an individual tree-based model FORCCHN. Science of the Total Environment, 586, 939–951.

Marian, M., Peter, A., Mihalescu, L., Vosgan, Z., & Matei, G. (2011). Allelo pathic potential of Asarum europaeum toward Lycopersicon esculentum. Analele Universităţii din Oradea - Fascicula Biologie, 18(1), 39–44.

Matsuura, T., Sugimura, K., Miyamoto, A., Tanaka, H., & Tanaka, N. (2014). Spatial characteristics of edible wild fern harvesting in mountainous villages in Northeastern Japan using GPS tracks. Forests, 5, 269–286.

Onyshchenko, V. A., & Andriyenko, T. L. (2012). Fitoriznomanittya zapovidnykiv i natsional’nykh pryrodnykh parkiv Ukrayiny [Varieties of nature reserves and national natural parks of Ukraine]. Phytosociocenter, Kyiv (in Ukrainian).

Peralta, G., Frost, C. M., Rand, T. A., Didham, R. K., & Tylianakis, J. M. (2014). Complementarity and redundancy of interactions enhance attack rates and spatial stability in host-parasitoid food webs. Ecology, 95, 1888–1896.

Pfeiffer, T. (2007). Vegetative multiplication and patch colonisation of Asarum europaeum subsp. europaeum L. (Aristolochiaceae) inferred by a combined morphological and molecular study. Flora – Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, 202(2), 89–97.

Poisot, T., Stouffer, D. B., & Kéfi, S. (2016). Describe, understand and predict: Why do we need networks in ecology? Functional Ecology, 30, 1878–1882.

Polyakov, M., & Teeter, L. (2005). The influence of regulatory forest policy tools on biodiversity measures for forests in Ukraine. Forest Policy and Economics, 7(6), 848–856.

Radford, P. J. (1967). Growth analisis formulae – thein use and abuse. Crop Science, 7(3), 171–175.

Rogers, H. H., & Runion, G. B. (1994). Plant responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment with emphasis on roots and the rhizosphere. Environmental Pollution, 83(1–2), 155–189.

Saltyikov, A. N. (2014). Strukturno-funktsionalnyie osobennosti estestvennogo vozobnovleniya pridonetskih borov [Structural and functional features of the natural renewal of the Doneck forests]. Kharkov National Agrarian University, Kharkov (in Russian).

Shackleton, C. M., & Pandey, A. K. (2013). Positioning non-timber forest products on the development agenda. Forest Policy and Economics, 38, 1–7.

Sklyar, V. G. (2012). Tsenoticheskie svyazi podrosta klena ostrolistnogo i duba obyiknovennogo v usloviyah Novgorod-Siverskogo Polesya [The cenotic relations of the young of a maple of acrylic and octopus in the conditions of the Novgorod-Siversky Polesye]. Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy, 3, 77–89 (in Russian).

Steinhübel, G. (1972). K sezónnej dynamike hospodárenia asimilátmi u kopytnika európs-keho (Asarum europaeum). Biologia (ČSSR), 27(7), 509–517.

Tessler, N., Wittenberg, L., & Greenbaum, N. (2016). Vegetation cover and species richness after recurrent forest fires in the Eastern Mediterranean ecosystem of Mount Carmel, Israel. Science of the Total Environment, 572, 1395–1402.

Teteryuk, L. V. (2000). Dinamika godichnyih prirostov kornevisch Asarum europaeum L. na raznyih etapah ontogeneza v podzone sredney taygi Respubliki Komi [Dynamics of annual growths of rhizomes Asarum europaeum L. at different stages of ontogenesis in the subzone of the middle taiga of the Komi Republic]. Program and theses of the reports of the All-Russian Council, 149–152 (in Russian).

Thompson, R. M., Brose, U., Dunne, J. A., Hall, R. O. Jr, Hladyz, S., & Kitching, R. L. (2012) Food webs: Reconciling the structure and function of biodiversity. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 27, 689–697.

Trass, H. H. (1976). Geobotanika [Geobotany]. Science, Leningrad (in Russian).

Yablokova, L. P. (1984). Vozrastnaya struktura tsenopopulyatsiy Asarum europaeum L. v chernevyih lesah Salairskogo kryazha [Age structure of the cenopopulations of Asarum europaeum L. in the black forests of the Salair ridge]. Ecology, 2, 43–47 (in Russian).

Zakamskaya, E. S., & Zhukova, L. A. (2000). Osobennosti morfostrukturyi i morfologicheskaya izmenchivost kopyitnya evropeyskogo [Features morphostructure and morphological variability of the claw european]. Program and theses of the All-Russian Council, 84–86 (in Russian).

Zhang, Y., Chen, H., & Taylor, A. (2017). Positive species diversity and above-ground biomass relationships are ubiquitous across forest strata despite interference from overstorey trees. Functional Ecology, 31(2), 419–426.

Zhigalskiy, O. A. (2011). Otsenka biologicheskogo raznoobraziya lesnyih ekosis tem Urala [Assessment of the biological diversity of forest ecosystems in the Urals]. Bulletin of the Udmurt University, Series Biology, 3, 13–22 (in Russian).

Published
2017-07-30
Section
Articles